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Excel PivotTables: summarize, filter and refresh

Create meaningful PivotTable reports with field layouts, calculation modes, grouping, slicers and refresh controls.

54 entries

Prepare data and build a PivotTable

Prepare column headers
One distinct, nonblank label per data column

Avoid merged cells and repeated header rows in the source data. [1][2]

Convert range to table
Insert → Table

An Excel Table can expand as new rows are added to the source. [1][2]

Start a PivotTable
Insert → PivotTable

Select an existing worksheet range or Excel Table first. [1][2]

Place in a new sheet
New Worksheet → OK

Keeps the summary separate from the original data. [1][2]

Place beside other results
Existing Worksheet → choose destination

Ensure the destination area has room for expansion. [1][2]

Summarize by category
Category → Rows; Amount → Values

Produces an aggregate per unique category. [1][2]

Compare categories by month
Category → Rows; Month → Columns; Amount → Values

Builds a two-dimensional cross-tabulation. [1][2]

Use a report-wide filter
Region → Filters

Adds a selectable filter over the complete pivot report. [1][2]

Stack row levels
Region → Rows, then City → Rows

Makes City a second level nested within Region. [1][2]

Swap fields to pivot view
Drag Region from Rows to Columns

Changes the grouping dimensions without modifying source records. [1][2]

Remove an unwanted field
Drag field out of its layout area

Removes a field from the report without deleting the source column. [1][2]

Show Field List
PivotTable Analyze → Field List

Reopen the field-selection panel when it is hidden. [1][2]

Summaries and Show Values As

Add sum rather than count
Value Field Settings → Summarize Values By → Sum

Numeric inputs should be recognized as numbers for a sum. [2][3]

Count source values
Value Field Settings → Count

Counts nonempty values of the chosen source field. [2][3]

Average amount
Value Field Settings → Average

Shows the arithmetic mean of numeric records. [2][3]

Minimum value
Value Field Settings → Min

Finds the lowest numeric source value per group. [2][3]

Maximum value
Value Field Settings → Max

Finds the largest numeric source value per group. [2][3]

Show percentage of grand total
Show Values As → % of Grand Total

Divides each result by the overall report total. [2][3]

Show percentage of row
Show Values As → % of Row Total

Compares a result with the total in its own row. [2][3]

Show percentage of column
Show Values As → % of Column Total

Compares a result with the total in its column. [2][3]

Running total
Show Values As → Running Total In

Choose an ordered Base Field to accumulate values across categories. [2][3]

Percent running total
Show Values As → % Running Total In

Expresses cumulative amount relative to its selected total. [2][3]

Difference from baseline
Show Values As → Difference From

Choose a Base Field and Base Item for comparison. [2][3]

Percent change from baseline
Show Values As → % Difference From

Computes relative difference, provided the baseline is meaningful. [2][3]

Rank values
Show Values As → Rank Largest to Smallest

Higher numeric values receive better ranks in selected category. [2][3]

Show original and percent
Add Amount to Values twice, then change one Show Values As

The same measure can appear with two interpretations in parallel. [2][3]

Rename a result label
Value Field Settings → Custom Name

Use a descriptive heading such as Total Sales instead of Sum of Amount. [2][3]

Date grouping, filtering and formatting

Group dates into months
Right-click a date → Group → Months

Valid Excel dates can be summarized by calendar month. [4][6][2]

Group dates by year and month
Group → Years + Months

Avoid mixing January of different years in one bucket. [4][6][2]

Group numeric amounts
Right-click a number → Group → By interval

Creates numeric bands for histogram-like summaries. [4][6][2]

Ungroup a field
Right-click grouped item → Ungroup

Removes manually assigned grouping for the selected field. [4][6][2]

Sort values largest first
Right-click a value → Sort → Largest to Smallest

Highlights high-performing groups at the top. [4][6][2]

Filter individual members
Row Labels dropdown → choose visible items

Restricts which items appear in the report. [4][6][2]

Filter by result amount
Row Labels → Value Filters

Filters groups based on the computed aggregate. [4][6][2]

Filter by text label
Row Labels → Label Filters

Filters displayed category names by text criteria. [4][6][2]

Add a slicer
PivotTable Analyze → Insert Slicer

Creates clickable category buttons for filtering. [4][6][2]

Connect slicer to peer report
Slicer → Report Connections

Connection requires compatible PivotTables sharing a source. [4][6][2]

Clear slicer selections
Slicer → Clear Filter

Restores all permitted members in the connected report. [4][6][2]

Show grouped details
Expand or collapse (+/-) controls

Reveals or hides nested row levels in a hierarchy. [4][6][2]

Compact layout
Design → Report Layout → Show in Compact Form

Displays hierarchical fields in a compact column. [4][6][2]

Tabular layout
Design → Report Layout → Show in Tabular Form

Gives separate columns to row fields for clearer exports. [4][6][2]

Repeat row labels
Design → Report Layout → Repeat All Item Labels

Repeats category labels on each displayed row. [4][6][2]

Refresh and troubleshoot

Refresh active PivotTable
PivotTable Analyze → Refresh

Reloads and recomputes from the configured source. [5][7][1]

Refresh all workbook queries
Data → Refresh All

May refresh other connections and PivotTables in the workbook. [5][7][1]

Inspect Auto Refresh
PivotTable Analyze → Auto Refresh

Availability and defaults vary by Excel version and data source. [5][7][1]

Expand fixed source range
PivotTable Analyze → Change Data Source

Include newly added rows if not using an expanding Table. [5][7][1]

Use an Excel Table as source
Insert → Table, then create PivotTable

Expanding source Tables make later additions easier to capture. [5][7][1]

Investigate missing rows
Check source range, filters and refresh status

An outdated cache or filtered member can hide valid records. [5][7][1]

Investigate unwanted Count
Inspect numeric source cells and Value Field Settings

Blank/text cells can result in Count rather than Sum. [5][7][1]

Investigate date grouping
Confirm dates are stored as real Excel dates

Text-formatted dates cannot always group as dates. [5][7][1]

Show items without data
Field Settings → Layout & Print → Show items with no data

Availability varies with connection and field type. [5][7][1]

Watch out for blank category
Replace source blank labels or filter (blank) deliberately

Grouping treats empty labels as a distinct category. [5][7][1]

Create a PivotChart
PivotTable Analyze → PivotChart

A connected visualization follows PivotTable filters and summaries. [5][7][1]

Protect source calculations
Audit formulas and data types before summarizing

A polished pivot cannot correct incorrect source values. [5][7][1]

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Updated Excel Microsoft 365 / 2024 · desktop

Sources

  1. Create a PivotTable ↗
  2. PivotTable field layout ↗
  3. Show Values As calculations ↗
  4. Group and ungroup PivotTable data ↗
  5. Refresh PivotTable data ↗
  6. Filter data and insert slicers ↗
  7. Change the source data ↗